What causes cystic ovaries in dairy cattle?
Cause. Factors predisposing to cystic ovaries include metabolic diseases, negative energy balance, high productivity, retained placenta, dystocia, stress and genetics. Follicular cysts result from failure of ovulation and luteinization.
How do you treat ovarian cysts in cattle?
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates reestablishment of ovarian cysts in about 80% of the cows treated, has more recently been recommended as a treatment for ovarian cysts. The GnRH-induced LH surge appears to stimulate luteinization of the ovarian cyst wall.
What are cystic ovaries in cattle?
Cystic ovarian disease, a common, clinically recognized cause of infertility in dairy cattle is characterized by one or more large anovulatory follicles(s) in one or both ovaries that persist for at least 10 days in the absence of a corpus luteum, and by abnormal oestrus behaviour.
How do you treat a cow with follicular cysts?
While manual rupture of follicular cysts is possible, it is not recommended due to the potential danger of haemorrhage and local adhesions. Instead, cows should be treated with GnRH to encourage luteinisation, followed by a luteolytic dose PGF2α after 7 days and sometimes a PRID or CIDR to synchronise the next oestrus.
How do you treat a luteal cyst in cattle?
The treatment of choice is luteolytic doses of PGF 2α if a correct diagnosis can be ascertained. A normal estrus is expected in 3–5 days. The major limitation of this treatment is the difficulty in accurately estimating the amount of luteal tissue present.
What is OvSynch protocol?
One of the hormonal protocols is OvSynch, which enables artificial insemination (AI) to be performed at the precise optimum time without control of the ovaries and uterus.
What causes Anestrus in cattle?
There are many potential causes of anoestrus, such as post-partum disease (e.g. milk fever, displaced abomasum), trace element deficiencies, lameness and calving problems. However, the most important cause is energy deficiency, i.e insufficient intake of energy to meet the demands of lactation.
What happens when you give a cow GnRH?
GnRH causes a surge of LH within 2 to 4 hours after injection. If the cow or heifer have large follicles (at least 10 mm in diameter) present on the ovary, GnRH will induce ovulation of these follicles about 24 to 30 hours after GnRH injection.
What does GnRH injection do for cattle?
Use of GnRH eliminated differences in CR for cows inseminated early or late relative to OE and increased CR in cows having postpartum reproductive disorders. In conclusion, GnRH at onset of estrus increased LH surges, prevented delayed ovulation, and may increase subsequent progesterone concentrations.
What is the difference between a follicular cyst and a corpus luteum cyst?
Follicular cysts form when the follicle does not release an egg but instead continues to swell up with fluid. In the same way, a corpus luteum cyst forms when the corpus luteum does not shrink away but continues to grow in size. Usually it will be filled with clear or light yellow fluid but it can contain blood.
What is the difference between follicular cyst and luteal cyst?
The difference between follicular and luteal cysts is that the cyst wall is less than 3 mm in follicular cyst and greater than 3 mm in luteal cyst [16]. However, this differentiation is difficult in field conditions [28, 62] and is often omitted from the diagnosis.
